Health authorities in Far North Queensland have issued an urgent public health warning following a significant spike in cases of the deadly tropical disease melioidosis.
Surge in Cases Triggers Urgent Health Alert
The Cairns and Hinterland Hospital and Health Service (CHHHS) confirmed that nine cases of melioidosis have been recorded in the region since October 2023. This alarming number represents a sharp increase compared to the typical annual average. The health service is urging residents, especially those with underlying health conditions, to be extremely vigilant.
Melioidosis is caused by the bacteria Burkholderia pseudomallei, which lives in soil and water across northern Australia. The disease is notoriously difficult to diagnose and can be fatal if not treated promptly with specific antibiotics. Infection typically occurs during the wet season when heavy rain and storms churn up the contaminated soil.
Who is Most at Risk and What Are the Symptoms?
While anyone can contract melioidosis, certain groups are at a much higher risk of developing severe illness. CHHHS Public Health Physician Dr. Richard Gair highlighted the primary risk factors.
People with diabetes, chronic lung disease, chronic kidney disease, or those who consume alcohol excessively are considered most vulnerable. The disease can also pose a serious threat to individuals with cancer or anyone taking immunosuppressive therapy.
Symptoms of melioidosis are varied and often mimic other illnesses, making it a diagnostic challenge for doctors. Key signs to watch for include:
- High fever
- Pneumonia with severe cough and shortness of breath
- Sores or abscesses on the skin
- Painful joints or localized infections
Dr. Gair emphasised that the infection can rapidly progress to sepsis and death. "If you have a fever and live in an endemic area, you should seek medical attention promptly and inform your doctor you may have been exposed to melioidosis," he advised.
How to Protect Yourself During the Wet Season
With the wet season in full swing, authorities have outlined crucial preventative measures for residents and visitors in the Cairns and Hinterland region. The bacteria enter the body through cuts in the skin or by inhalation, so protection is key.
Health officials recommend the following actions to minimise risk:
- Wear waterproof boots and gloves when gardening, working in soil, or during flood cleanup.
- Cover open wounds and sores with waterproof dressings.
- Wash thoroughly with soap and water after any contact with soil or muddy water.
- Stay indoors during heavy wind and rain to avoid inhaling contaminated soil particles.
The public warning serves as a critical reminder for the community to take this soil-borne threat seriously. Early medical intervention is vital for survival, and preventative steps can significantly reduce the chance of infection during this high-risk period.
